.NET/Java PDF, Tiff, Barcode SDK Library

In this case, you make a single substitution with sub. The first parameter given to sub isn t a string but a regular expression forward slashes are used to start and end a regular expression. Within the regular expression is ^... The ^ is an anchor, meaning the regular expression will match from the beginning of any lines within the string. The two periods each represent any character. In all, /^../ means any two characters immediately after the start of a line. Therefore, Th of "This is a test" gets replaced with Hello. Likewise, if you want to change the last two letters, you can use a different anchor:

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x = "This is a test" puts x.sub(/..$/, 'Hello')

The companion CD for this book provides the Basic version of the BBP Storyboard Formatter, which includes the custom layouts you need to format your slides for sketching your storyboard there are more advanced formatters available at www.beyondbulletpoints.com. If you choose to not use a storyboard formatter at all, follow the steps in the section Tip 5: Apply Slide Backgrounds Manually at the end of this chapter.

Object is a superclass. All other classes in Ruby descend from it. Therefore, all its meth-

ods several of which are described in the following list are made available to all other classes and objects via inheritance. Some classes and objects might choose to override Object s methods, but generally they all work. class: Returns the name of the class of an object. For example: "test".class == String. clone: Copies an object to create a new one. However, it s only a shallow copy, so objects referenced by instance variables might still be the same as those referenced by any copies. freeze: Freezes the object so that no more changes can be made to it. A TypeError exception will be raised if any attempts are made to change the object. frozen : Returns true if the object is frozen. instance_eval: Evaluates a supplied string or code block in the scope of the object. is_a (or kind_of ): Returns true if the object is of a supplied class. For example: 10.is_a (Integer) == true. methods (or public_methods): Returns an array of the methods publicly accessible on the object.

Note that reverse changes the list and does not return anything (just like remove and sort, for example).

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nil : Returns true if the object is nil. object_id: Returns an integer that uniquely identifies the object internally to Ruby. private_methods: Returns an array of all private methods associated with the object. protected_methods: Returns an array of all protected methods associated with the object. send: Invokes the method represented by a symbol passed as the first argument. All other arguments are passed through to the destination method. For example: 10.send(:+, 20) == 30. taint: Taints the object, making it impossible to perform certain operations under certain safe levels (see 8). untaint: Untaints the object.

The following commonly used methods are available on String objects: *: Returns a new string representing the current string multiplied by a certain number of times. For example: "abc" * 3 == "abcabcabc". <<: Appends data to the end of the string. If the supplied argument is an integer between 0 and 255, the ASCII character represented by that number is appended instead. =~: Matches a supplied regular expression against the string. The position of the first match is returned, otherwise nil. This technique is commonly used as a comparison expression to see if a string matches a regular expression. capitalize (and capitalize!): Capitalizes the first letter of the string, with the remainder converted to lower case. capitalize! performs the operation in place on the current string. chop (and chop!): Removes the last character of a string (or two characters if equal to '\r\n'). count: Counts the occurrences of the supplied strings within the string. For example: "this is a test".count("i") == 2.

Scroll through your slides as you read the headlines, and check them against the printout of your story template to make sure that you have applied the layouts properly. If you made a mistake, select the slide, click the Layout button, and select the correct layout to apply it. Your storyboard should now look like Figure 6-6.